An Extended Membrane System Based on Cell-like P Systems and Improved Particle Swarm Optimization for Image Segmentation

An extended membrane system with a dynamic nested structure, which is integrated the evolution-communication mechanism of cell-like P evolutional symport/antiport rules and active membranes (ECP), evolutionary mechanisms particle swarm optimization (PSO) improved PSO inspired by starling flock behavior (SPSO), named DSPSO-ECP, designed developed to try break application restrictions systems in this paper. The purpose DSPSO-ECP enhance performance solving problems. In proposed updated model velocity position standard PSO, as basic evolution rules, are adopted evolve objects elementary membranes. modified SPSO used local sub-membranes. A group sub-membranes for specially avoid prematurity through creation dissolution promoter/inhibitor. exchange sharing information between different achieved communication based on symport ECP. At last, computational results, made numerical benchmark functions classic test images, discussed analyzed validate efficiency DSPSO-ECP.